Chart and Table Data for Federal Reserve Bank of New York, The Labor Market for Recent College Graduates 纽约联邦储备银行应届大学毕业生劳动力市场图表和表格数据
Updated: February 20, 2025 更新时间：2025年2月20日
Sources: U.S. Census Bureau, American Community Survey (IPUMS); U.S. Department of Labor, ONET. 数据来源：美国人口普查局，美国社区调查(IPUMS)；美国劳工部，ONET。
| Major | 专业中文名称 | Unemployment Rate | Underemployment Rate | Median Wage Early Career | Median Wage Mid-Career | Share with Graduate Degree |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 专业 | 失业率 | 就业不足率 | 早期职业中位工资 | 中期职业中位工资 | 研究生学位比例 | |
| Agriculture | 农业学 | 1.2 | 42.4 | 50,000 | 75,000 | 19.9 |
| Animal and Plant Sciences | 动植物科学 | 1.0 | 53.2 | 43,000 | 70,000 | 35.6 |
| Environmental Studies | 环境研究 | 2.6 | 49.0 | 46,700 | 75,000 | 31.2 |
| Architecture | 建筑学 | 4.3 | 30.8 | 52,000 | 80,000 | 40.8 |
| Ethnic Studies | 民族研究 | 2.6 | 47.7 | 45,000 | 83,000 | 51.3 |
| Communications | 传播学 | 4.5 | 52.3 | 52,000 | 85,000 | 23.5 |
| Journalism | 新闻学 | 4.4 | 35.7 | 50,000 | 85,000 | 28.0 |
| Mass Media | 大众传媒 | 3.3 | 47.3 | 49,000 | 80,000 | 19.3 |
| Advertising and Public Relations | 广告与公共关系 | 3.5 | 34.1 | 56,000 | 89,000 | 20.7 |
| Information Systems & Management | 信息系统与管理 | 5.6 | 28.5 | 65,000 | 100,000 | 25.7 |
| Computer Science | 计算机科学 | 6.1 | 16.5 | 80,000 | 115,000 | 32.8 |
| General Education | 教育学(通用) | 3.3 | 22.8 | 42,000 | 55,000 | 52.0 |
| Early Childhood Education | 学前教育 | 1.3 | 22.1 | 42,000 | 49,000 | 43.1 |
| Elementary Education | 小学教育 | 1.8 | 16.1 | 43,300 | 53,000 | 49.1 |
| Secondary Education | 中学教育 | 2.9 | 23.0 | 45,000 | 58,000 | 52.3 |
| Special Education | 特殊教育 | 1.0 | 18.9 | 45,000 | 55,000 | 64.5 |
| Miscellaneous Education | 其他教育学 | 2.5 | 16.0 | 46,000 | 60,000 | 59.8 |
| General Engineering | 工程学(通用) | 2.4 | 28.2 | 70,000 | 100,000 | 37.5 |
| Aerospace Engineering | 航空航天工程 | 1.4 | 18.8 | 76,000 | 125,000 | 51.5 |
| Chemical Engineering | 化学工程 | 2.0 | 16.5 | 80,000 | 120,000 | 47.8 |
| Civil Engineering | 土木工程 | 1.0 | 20.2 | 71,000 | 100,000 | 39.9 |
| Computer Engineering | 计算机工程 | 7.5 | 17.0 | 80,000 | 122,000 | 40.0 |
| Electrical Engineering | 电气工程 | 2.2 | 19.5 | 78,000 | 120,000 | 48.3 |
| Industrial Engineering | 工业工程 | 4.6 | 16.8 | 76,000 | 108,000 | 41.7 |
| Mechanical Engineering | 机械工程 | 1.5 | 19.4 | 75,000 | 115,000 | 39.6 |
| Miscellaneous Engineering | 其他工程学 | 3.4 | 28.1 | 70,000 | 108,000 | 46.3 |
| Foreign Language | 外国语言文学 | 4.0 | 51.1 | 40,000 | 70,000 | 50.5 |
| Family and Consumer Sciences | 家庭与消费者科学 | 2.7 | 39.8 | 42,000 | 62,000 | 36.1 |
| English Language | 英语语言文学 | 4.9 | 48.6 | 45,000 | 70,000 | 47.5 |
| Liberal Arts | 文科/博雅教育 | 5.3 | 56.5 | 45,000 | 70,000 | 31.2 |
| Biology | 生物学 | 3.0 | 45.6 | 47,000 | 80,000 | 63.4 |
| Biochemistry | 生物化学 | 3.3 | 44.4 | 52,000 | 89,000 | 70.8 |
| Miscellaneous Biological Science | 其他生物科学 | 3.1 | 49.0 | 42,000 | 75,000 | 60.0 |
| Mathematics | 数学 | 3.7 | 24.3 | 65,000 | 100,000 | 51.7 |
| Interdisciplinary Studies | 跨学科研究 | 3.0 | 48.4 | 50,000 | 72,000 | 39.5 |
| Nutrition Sciences | 营养科学 | 0.4 | 46.8 | 54,000 | 75,000 | 47.5 |
| Leisure and Hospitality | 休闲与酒店管理 | 3.7 | 54.5 | 44,000 | 70,000 | 35.6 |
| Philosophy | 哲学 | 3.2 | 41.2 | 48,000 | 72,000 | 58.2 |
| Theology and Religion | 神学与宗教学 | 3.1 | 42.9 | 42,000 | 60,000 | 45.6 |
| Chemistry | 化学 | 6.1 | 40.6 | 55,000 | 90,000 | 65.5 |
| Earth Sciences | 地球科学 | 1.5 | 40.5 | 50,000 | 88,000 | 48.6 |
| Physics | 物理学 | 7.8 | 35.0 | 70,000 | 100,000 | 67.9 |
| Miscellaneous Physical Sciences | 其他物理科学 | 2.8 | 39.7 | 58,000 | 99,000 | 50.6 |
| Psychology | 心理学 | 3.6 | 45.4 | 45,000 | 70,000 | 52.9 |
| Criminal Justice | 刑事司法 | 2.9 | 67.2 | 46,000 | 75,000 | 24.9 |
| Public Policy and Law | 公共政策与法学 | 5.5 | 53.9 | 50,000 | 75,000 | 45.0 |
| Social Services | 社会服务 | 1.7 | 31.8 | 42,000 | 54,000 | 51.9 |
| Anthropology | 人类学 | 9.4 | 55.9 | 42,000 | 70,000 | 46.7 |
| Economics | 经济学 | 4.9 | 31.9 | 70,000 | 110,000 | 41.6 |
| Geography | 地理学 | 3.3 | 38.7 | 48,600 | 78,000 | 30.4 |
| Political Science | 政治学 | 4.7 | 50.6 | 54,000 | 90,000 | 52.6 |
| Sociology | 社会学 | 6.7 | 54.4 | 45,000 | 70,000 | 39.7 |
| General Social Sciences | 社会科学(通用) | 3.3 | 54.1 | 41,000 | 75,000 | 40.3 |
| Construction Services | 建筑服务 | 0.7 | 21.3 | 70,000 | 100,000 | 12.7 |
| Art History | 艺术史 | 3.0 | 46.9 | 45,000 | 71,000 | 47.9 |
| Fine Arts | 美术 | 7.0 | 53.4 | 42,500 | 70,000 | 22.6 |
| Performing Arts | 表演艺术 | 2.7 | 62.3 | 41,900 | 70,000 | 37.3 |
| Commercial Art & Graphic Design | 商业艺术与平面设计 | 7.2 | 34.7 | 48,000 | 75,000 | 11.3 |
| Health Services | 健康服务 | 2.2 | 42.7 | 46,000 | 65,000 | 52.4 |
| Medical Technicians | 医学技术 | 2.8 | 57.9 | 55,000 | 76,000 | 22.3 |
| Nursing | 护理学 | 1.4 | 9.7 | 65,000 | 84,000 | 30.1 |
| Pharmacy | 药学 | 3.2 | 16.5 | 55,000 | 76,000 | 67.7 |
| Treatment Therapy | 治疗学 | 3.1 | 37.7 | 46,900 | 80,000 | 52.3 |
| General Business | 工商管理(通用) | 3.7 | 52.8 | 60,000 | 90,000 | 25.5 |
| Accounting | 会计学 | 1.9 | 17.9 | 60,000 | 88,000 | 32.9 |
| Business Management | 企业管理 | 4.0 | 51.3 | 55,000 | 80,000 | 25.3 |
| Business Analytics | 商业分析 | 2.4 | 27.2 | 70,000 | 100,000 | 25.6 |
| Marketing | 市场营销 | 3.7 | 44.8 | 57,000 | 90,000 | 18.8 |
| Finance | 金融学 | 3.7 | 31.5 | 70,000 | 110,000 | 30.9 |
| International Affairs | 国际事务 | 4.9 | 38.5 | 60,000 | 100,000 | 43.8 |
| History | 历史学 | 4.6 | 51.2 | 45,000 | 77,000 | 49.2 |
| Engineering Technologies | 工程技术 | 1.9 | 40.1 | 60,000 | 100,000 | 25.9 |
| Miscellaneous Technologies | 其他技术类 | 5.0 | 55.6 | 60,000 | 92,000 | 18.4 |
| Overall | 总体 | 3.6 | 38.3 | 55,000 | 83,000 | 39.1 |
Notes: Figures are for 2023. Unemployment and underemployment rates are for recent college graduates (that is, those aged 22 to 27 with a bachelor’s degree or higher), and median wages are for full-time workers with a bachelor’s degree only. Early career graduates are those aged 22 to 27, and mid-career graduates are those aged 35 to 45. Graduate degree share is based on the adult working-age population (that is, those aged 25 to 65) with a bachelor’s degree or higher. All figures exclude those currently enrolled in school. Data are updated annually at the beginning of each calendar year.
注：数据为2023年。失业率和就业不足率针对应届大学毕业生（即22-27岁拥有学士或更高学位者），中位数工资仅针对拥有学士学位的全职工作者。早期职业毕业生指22-27岁，中期职业毕业生指35-45岁。研究生学位比例基于成年工作年龄人口（即25-65岁拥有学士或更高学位者）。所有数据均排除目前在校就读者。数据每年年初更新。（就业不足率越高，越表明该学历对毕业生产生的价值越小。）